Animal Farm- George Orwell
Plot Diagram
Exposition: Old Major, the old prize boar, asked all of the animals to meet in the big barn after Mr. Jones was in bed to tell then about a dream he had. Old Major told them he was about to die, but before he did he wanted to teach them something. He tells them about a world were humans had no control, and animals live for animals, among animals. Then, he teaches them a song called "Beasts of England," and told them that all men are enemies.
Rising Action:
1. Old Major dies
2. Pigs get the responsibility of teaching and organizing the other animals because they are said to be the cleverest
3. Napoleon, Snowball, and Squealer have secret meetings in the barn on Animalism
4. Mr. Jones got drunk and did not feed the animals
5. A cow kicked open the food store-shed for the animals to eat
6. Mr. Jones saw and he and his four men started to whip the animals
7. The animals fought back
8. The animals overthrow Mr. Jones and all of the humans on the farm
9. They burned all of the traces of the humans such as whips and ribbons
10. They renamed the farm Animal Farm
11. They made The Seven Commandments
12. They milked the cows and later the milk has disappeared
13. They brought in the hay harvest
14. The animals are learning to read and write.
15. Snowball and Napoleon disagree and debate.
16. Snowball created lots of animal committees.
17. The seven commandments are reduced to a single maxim: "Four legs good, two legs bad."
18. Jessie and Bluebell give birth between them to nine puppies.
19. Napoleon takes away the nine puppies to educate them.
20. The animals find out that the milk went to the pigs mash every day.
21. Only the pigs are allowed to have the apples and the milk.
22. Snowball and Napoleon send out pigeons to teach the animals of neighboring farms the story of the Rebellion and the tune of "Beasts of England."
23. Neighboring farmers are frightened by the Rebellion on Animal Farm.
24. The humans hate the song "Beasts of England."
25. Mr. Jones and a few other men try to take back the farm and fail.
26. Mollie goes missing.
27. Snowball gets the award "Animal Hero, First Class."
28. Mollie disappears for good to the Willingdon Farm.
29. It is decided that pigs are more manifestly clever than all other animals, so they decide all questions of farm policy.
30. Snowball and Napoleon always disagree.
31. Snowball makes plans for a windmill.
32. Napoleon disagrees with the plans and urinates all over them.
33. The whole farm is divided on the subject of the windmill.
34. Nine enormous dogs wearing spiky collars chase Snowball off the farm.
35. Napoleon is now the leader.
36. Napoleon announces that the windmill is going to be built after all.
37. Squealer tells the animals that Snowball stole the plans from Napoleon, and that is why Napoleon was upset.
38. The animals start constructing the windmill.
39. Napoleon announces that Animal Farm will engage in trade with other farms.
40. The animals feel uneasy about this.
41. The pigs move into the farmhouse.
42. The fourth commandment is changed from "No animals shall sleep in a bed" to "No animals shall sleep in a bed with sheets."
43. The pigs sleep in beds without sheets.
44. There is a very violent storm.
45. The windmill tips over, and it is blamed on Snowball.
46. Napoleon pronounces the death sentence upon Snowball.
47. The start to rebuild the windmill.
48. They are very low on food.
49. Napoleon accepts a contract for four hundred eggs a week.
50. The hens go on strike and nine die of starvation.
51. It is said that snowball goes on the farm at night.
52. Anything that goes wrong is blamed on snowball.
53. It is said that snowball was in league with Jones the whole time and that he never got the "Animal Hero, First Class" award.
54. Napoleon's dogs kill four pigs, three hens, a goose, and three sheep for being in cahoots with Snowball.
55. "Beasts of England" is now forbidden to sing.
56. Napoleon now has more guards and stays in the farmhouse alone. with them.
57. The Pilkington farm is good, but the Frederick farm is bad. "Death to Frederick"
58. They finished the windmill. It is called Napoleon Mill.
59. Napoleon sells the pile of timber to Frederick, so now Friedrick is good and Pilkington is bad. "Death to Pilkington"
60. Frederick payed for the timber in forged bills.
Climax:
1. Frederick and his followers come to the farm and blow up the windmill.
2. The farm animals attack the men and push them off the farm.
3. The pigs get drunk.
4. Squealer is caught painting over the fifth commandment, but the animals do not figure out what he is doing.
5. Boxer is still hurt from the battle.
6. 31 pigs are born and they are going to build a school house for them.
7. The pigs are allowed to wear green ribbons on their tails on Sundays.
8. The pigs are living in comfort while the other animals are starving and freezing.
9. Boxer is dying and Napoleon sells him to the knacker's to pay for more whiskey for the pigs.
Falling Action:
1. There is a ceremony held for boxer.
2. The pigs use the money from Boxer to buy more liquor.
3. Years went by and only Clover, Napoleon, Squealer, and Benjamin are alive of the original animals.
4. Neither pigs or dog help produce food.
5. Squealer took the sheep and led them to a secluded place to teach them a new song in secret.
6. The chant is "Four legs good, two legs better!"
7. The pigs now walk on two legs and wear human clothes.
8. The wall of Commandments now is only one single commandment: "All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others."
9. A group of neighboring humans come to tour the farm.
10. During dinner the Clover and the other animals listen to the conversations the Humans and Pigs are having from outside the window.
Resolution: Clover and the other animals hear Napoleon confess to manipulate the "lower" animals. Napoleon also changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm. Then the other animals see the Pigs transform into humans, and they can not tell the two apart.
Exposition: Old Major, the old prize boar, asked all of the animals to meet in the big barn after Mr. Jones was in bed to tell then about a dream he had. Old Major told them he was about to die, but before he did he wanted to teach them something. He tells them about a world were humans had no control, and animals live for animals, among animals. Then, he teaches them a song called "Beasts of England," and told them that all men are enemies.
Rising Action:
1. Old Major dies
2. Pigs get the responsibility of teaching and organizing the other animals because they are said to be the cleverest
3. Napoleon, Snowball, and Squealer have secret meetings in the barn on Animalism
4. Mr. Jones got drunk and did not feed the animals
5. A cow kicked open the food store-shed for the animals to eat
6. Mr. Jones saw and he and his four men started to whip the animals
7. The animals fought back
8. The animals overthrow Mr. Jones and all of the humans on the farm
9. They burned all of the traces of the humans such as whips and ribbons
10. They renamed the farm Animal Farm
11. They made The Seven Commandments
12. They milked the cows and later the milk has disappeared
13. They brought in the hay harvest
14. The animals are learning to read and write.
15. Snowball and Napoleon disagree and debate.
16. Snowball created lots of animal committees.
17. The seven commandments are reduced to a single maxim: "Four legs good, two legs bad."
18. Jessie and Bluebell give birth between them to nine puppies.
19. Napoleon takes away the nine puppies to educate them.
20. The animals find out that the milk went to the pigs mash every day.
21. Only the pigs are allowed to have the apples and the milk.
22. Snowball and Napoleon send out pigeons to teach the animals of neighboring farms the story of the Rebellion and the tune of "Beasts of England."
23. Neighboring farmers are frightened by the Rebellion on Animal Farm.
24. The humans hate the song "Beasts of England."
25. Mr. Jones and a few other men try to take back the farm and fail.
26. Mollie goes missing.
27. Snowball gets the award "Animal Hero, First Class."
28. Mollie disappears for good to the Willingdon Farm.
29. It is decided that pigs are more manifestly clever than all other animals, so they decide all questions of farm policy.
30. Snowball and Napoleon always disagree.
31. Snowball makes plans for a windmill.
32. Napoleon disagrees with the plans and urinates all over them.
33. The whole farm is divided on the subject of the windmill.
34. Nine enormous dogs wearing spiky collars chase Snowball off the farm.
35. Napoleon is now the leader.
36. Napoleon announces that the windmill is going to be built after all.
37. Squealer tells the animals that Snowball stole the plans from Napoleon, and that is why Napoleon was upset.
38. The animals start constructing the windmill.
39. Napoleon announces that Animal Farm will engage in trade with other farms.
40. The animals feel uneasy about this.
41. The pigs move into the farmhouse.
42. The fourth commandment is changed from "No animals shall sleep in a bed" to "No animals shall sleep in a bed with sheets."
43. The pigs sleep in beds without sheets.
44. There is a very violent storm.
45. The windmill tips over, and it is blamed on Snowball.
46. Napoleon pronounces the death sentence upon Snowball.
47. The start to rebuild the windmill.
48. They are very low on food.
49. Napoleon accepts a contract for four hundred eggs a week.
50. The hens go on strike and nine die of starvation.
51. It is said that snowball goes on the farm at night.
52. Anything that goes wrong is blamed on snowball.
53. It is said that snowball was in league with Jones the whole time and that he never got the "Animal Hero, First Class" award.
54. Napoleon's dogs kill four pigs, three hens, a goose, and three sheep for being in cahoots with Snowball.
55. "Beasts of England" is now forbidden to sing.
56. Napoleon now has more guards and stays in the farmhouse alone. with them.
57. The Pilkington farm is good, but the Frederick farm is bad. "Death to Frederick"
58. They finished the windmill. It is called Napoleon Mill.
59. Napoleon sells the pile of timber to Frederick, so now Friedrick is good and Pilkington is bad. "Death to Pilkington"
60. Frederick payed for the timber in forged bills.
Climax:
1. Frederick and his followers come to the farm and blow up the windmill.
2. The farm animals attack the men and push them off the farm.
3. The pigs get drunk.
4. Squealer is caught painting over the fifth commandment, but the animals do not figure out what he is doing.
5. Boxer is still hurt from the battle.
6. 31 pigs are born and they are going to build a school house for them.
7. The pigs are allowed to wear green ribbons on their tails on Sundays.
8. The pigs are living in comfort while the other animals are starving and freezing.
9. Boxer is dying and Napoleon sells him to the knacker's to pay for more whiskey for the pigs.
Falling Action:
1. There is a ceremony held for boxer.
2. The pigs use the money from Boxer to buy more liquor.
3. Years went by and only Clover, Napoleon, Squealer, and Benjamin are alive of the original animals.
4. Neither pigs or dog help produce food.
5. Squealer took the sheep and led them to a secluded place to teach them a new song in secret.
6. The chant is "Four legs good, two legs better!"
7. The pigs now walk on two legs and wear human clothes.
8. The wall of Commandments now is only one single commandment: "All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others."
9. A group of neighboring humans come to tour the farm.
10. During dinner the Clover and the other animals listen to the conversations the Humans and Pigs are having from outside the window.
Resolution: Clover and the other animals hear Napoleon confess to manipulate the "lower" animals. Napoleon also changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm. Then the other animals see the Pigs transform into humans, and they can not tell the two apart.
Characterization:
Old Major is a round character because we know his appearance, beliefs, and by how the other animals react to him. He is also static because he is not in the book long enough to change. He was directly characterized by Orwell writing, " He was twelve years old and had lately grown rather stout, but he was still a majestic-looking pig, with a wise and benevolent appearance in spite of the fact that his tushes had never been cut." He also wrote how Old Major is a prize Middle White Boar, and how he was so highly regarded on the farm that all of the animals were willing to lose sleep in order to hear him talk. We also know how he thinks because of the speech he gave the farm.
Squealer is a flat and static character because we do not know much about him, and he does not change throughout the novel. All we know is that he is a clever talker. Throughout the book he fed lies to the animals to cover up for Napoleon and the other pigs. He was very clever at twisting words and manipulating the animals. Other than that we do not know much about him. From the very beginning he manipulated the animals about the milk and apples, and then at the end he lied about Boxers end.
Boxer is a flat and static character as well. He is flat because he can be summed up in one sentence. Boxer is a big and strong carthorse who is not very smart, but was very loyal and worked very hard. Throughout the novel he remained loyal to whoever was in charge, and he always put forth 100%. He was hardworking until his last day where he fell down on the job. We know Boxer is not very smart because he could only remember the first five letters of the alphabet, but we know he is loyal because his maxim was "Napoleon is always right."
Snowball is a round character and static character. He is round because we know lots of information about him. In fact, Orwell directly states, "Snowball was a more vivacious pig than Napoleon, quicker in speech and more inventive..." We also know that Snowball really wanted to make life easier for all on the farm. He came up with the Seven Commandments, plans for a windmill, and created many different animal committees to help out of the animals. Aside from being slightly power-hungry, Snowball was an honest and caring boar. Snowball is a static character because he himself does not change throughout the book. The views of him from the other animals change, but Snowball does not change from a good boar to a bad one. Snowball is the protagonist because he is for the animals, and he was the likeable pig.
Napoleon is a round character and a dynamic character. He is a round character because we know lots of information regarding him. We know that Napoleon is a, "...rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar, the only Berkshire on the farm, not much of a talker, but with a reputation for getting his own way." Napoleon was a very power-driven animal that believed that pigs are above all creatures. Napoleon is a dynamic character because he changes throughout the book. In the beginning it is not apparent how much Napoleon wants the leadership position, but after he trained the nine fierce dogs, it is obvious. Throughout the book, the effect of having a great power changes Napoleon. Napoleon used the dogs to intimidate the animals, and he used Squealer to manipulate them. He went from a quiet, stubborn boar to mean and vicious dictator. Napoleon is the antagonist because he was never for all of the animals. Napoleon chased off Snowball so that he could force his merciless policies upon the animals. Napoleons true character is revealed when at the dinner he turns into a human.
Old Major is a round character because we know his appearance, beliefs, and by how the other animals react to him. He is also static because he is not in the book long enough to change. He was directly characterized by Orwell writing, " He was twelve years old and had lately grown rather stout, but he was still a majestic-looking pig, with a wise and benevolent appearance in spite of the fact that his tushes had never been cut." He also wrote how Old Major is a prize Middle White Boar, and how he was so highly regarded on the farm that all of the animals were willing to lose sleep in order to hear him talk. We also know how he thinks because of the speech he gave the farm.
Squealer is a flat and static character because we do not know much about him, and he does not change throughout the novel. All we know is that he is a clever talker. Throughout the book he fed lies to the animals to cover up for Napoleon and the other pigs. He was very clever at twisting words and manipulating the animals. Other than that we do not know much about him. From the very beginning he manipulated the animals about the milk and apples, and then at the end he lied about Boxers end.
Boxer is a flat and static character as well. He is flat because he can be summed up in one sentence. Boxer is a big and strong carthorse who is not very smart, but was very loyal and worked very hard. Throughout the novel he remained loyal to whoever was in charge, and he always put forth 100%. He was hardworking until his last day where he fell down on the job. We know Boxer is not very smart because he could only remember the first five letters of the alphabet, but we know he is loyal because his maxim was "Napoleon is always right."
Snowball is a round character and static character. He is round because we know lots of information about him. In fact, Orwell directly states, "Snowball was a more vivacious pig than Napoleon, quicker in speech and more inventive..." We also know that Snowball really wanted to make life easier for all on the farm. He came up with the Seven Commandments, plans for a windmill, and created many different animal committees to help out of the animals. Aside from being slightly power-hungry, Snowball was an honest and caring boar. Snowball is a static character because he himself does not change throughout the book. The views of him from the other animals change, but Snowball does not change from a good boar to a bad one. Snowball is the protagonist because he is for the animals, and he was the likeable pig.
Napoleon is a round character and a dynamic character. He is a round character because we know lots of information regarding him. We know that Napoleon is a, "...rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar, the only Berkshire on the farm, not much of a talker, but with a reputation for getting his own way." Napoleon was a very power-driven animal that believed that pigs are above all creatures. Napoleon is a dynamic character because he changes throughout the book. In the beginning it is not apparent how much Napoleon wants the leadership position, but after he trained the nine fierce dogs, it is obvious. Throughout the book, the effect of having a great power changes Napoleon. Napoleon used the dogs to intimidate the animals, and he used Squealer to manipulate them. He went from a quiet, stubborn boar to mean and vicious dictator. Napoleon is the antagonist because he was never for all of the animals. Napoleon chased off Snowball so that he could force his merciless policies upon the animals. Napoleons true character is revealed when at the dinner he turns into a human.
Picture Method
Chapter One
Predict:
Predict:
- It will be about animals
- The animals can talk
- The animals own the farm
1. This is how I pictured Old Major, the big boar.
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When I read about Benjamin, I thought of Donkey from the movie Shrek.
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This picture represents all of the animals singing "Beasts of England."
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Clarify:
Old Major called all of the animals into the barn so they could talk about how they should be free, and not be under the control of humans. Man is the enemy, and they should overthrow man. Then he teaches them a song called "Beasts of England." At the end they sing it too loudly and Mr. Jones wakes up and shoots at the barn.
Chapter 2:
Predict:
- Mr Jones in the farmer
- Man are evil
- Animals should be in control of themselves
- Why are the animals having a meeting?
- Why is Benjamin bad tempered?
- Will the animals overthrow Mr. Jones?
- I like to sing with my friends just like the animals did.
- My friends an I have woken up our parents by being to loud at sleepovers, and we have gotten in trouble like the animals did.
- Old Major had a weird dream, and I have really strange dreams every night.
Old Major called all of the animals into the barn so they could talk about how they should be free, and not be under the control of humans. Man is the enemy, and they should overthrow man. Then he teaches them a song called "Beasts of England." At the end they sing it too loudly and Mr. Jones wakes up and shoots at the barn.
Chapter 2:
Predict:
- Old Major will die.
- The animals will rebel.
- Mr. Jones will beat the animals in the rebellion.
This picture represents the grave that Old Major was burred under.
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The picture is how I imagined Mollie's bows to look like.
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This is how I imagined Mr. Jones to look like as the animals chased him off of the farm.
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Clarify:
Old Major dies and leaves the animals with the idea of Animalism, which they use to overthrow Jones and start their own lives. They burn all of the human whips and ribbons and go through the human house. Then they create The Seven Commandments, and then they go out to the pasture to bring in the hay.
Chapter 3:
Predict:
- The animals do not own the farm yet.
- The animals in this book do talk.
- The animals are capable of overthrowing Jones.
- Is Mr. Jones gone for good?
- Will Mollie be okay without hair ribbons?
- Will they be able to do the whole harvest?
- I used to put ribbons in my hair when I was little just like Mollie.
- One of my friends lives on a farm, and she has to help with the hay harvest just like the animals are doing.
- When I am a counselor I have to help my campers make rules for the cabin just like the farm animals made The Seven Commandments.
Old Major dies and leaves the animals with the idea of Animalism, which they use to overthrow Jones and start their own lives. They burn all of the human whips and ribbons and go through the human house. Then they create The Seven Commandments, and then they go out to the pasture to bring in the hay.
Chapter 3:
Predict:
- The pigs are stealing the milk.
- They will have trouble bringing in the hay.
- Mr. Jones will come back.
This represents when the cat volunteered in the Animal Re-education Committee.
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When I read about the nine puppies I thought of very fluffy golden receivers.
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This picture represents the horses when they were trying to learn how to read and write.
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Clarify:
The animal brought in the best harvest the farm had ever seen. Everybody helped and did what they could. Every Sunday they raise the flag and have a meeting. Napoleon and Snowball always disagree. The pigs start to teach all of the other animals how to read and write. Jessie and Bluebell have nine puppies. Napoleon took the puppies to educate them, and everyone forgot about the puppies. The pigs get all of the apples and all of the milk.
Chapter 4:
Predict:
- The pigs do not actually do the work.
- The pigs direct and supervise the others.
- The animals are happier than ever.
- Why are pigs considered superior?
- Why do Snowball and Napoleon never agree?
- Why do the pigs get all the milk and apples?
- I have had friends who think they are superior and can boss everyone around.
- My dad believes all of the GF cookies in the house should be only for him, which is similar to the pigs getting all of the apples.
- I join a lot of organizations, and Snowball tried to create a lot of organizations.
The animal brought in the best harvest the farm had ever seen. Everybody helped and did what they could. Every Sunday they raise the flag and have a meeting. Napoleon and Snowball always disagree. The pigs start to teach all of the other animals how to read and write. Jessie and Bluebell have nine puppies. Napoleon took the puppies to educate them, and everyone forgot about the puppies. The pigs get all of the apples and all of the milk.
Chapter 4:
Predict:
- Something will happen with the puppies.
- The animals will build a school.
- The animals will have to plant a field.
This sheep represents the one that died in the battle against the humans.
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This represents the medal that Snowball receives. "Animal Hero, First Class."
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This is the picture that came to mind when I rad that the geese were attacking the men.
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Clarify:
The neighboring farmers are worried about the Revolution. Mr. Jones and a bunch of other men come back to Animal Farm to try to recapture it. There is a big fight. The men lose and run off the farm. One man and one sheep die. Boxer and Snowball are awarded Animal Hero, First Class. The dead sheep is an Animal Hero, Second Class.
Chapter 5:
Predict:
- Mr. Pilkington is a good farmer, but Mr. Frederick is a bad farmer.
- The only good human being is a dead one.
- Boxer and Snowball are animal heroes, first class.
- Did the fight scare off Mr. Jones for good?
- Will the animals use Mr. Jones's gun for something bad?
- Will there be another battle?
- Sometimes I get into fights with my sister.
- My grandpa is a good farmer, just like Mr. Pilkington.
- I have had friends who complain all the time, just like Mr. Jones does.
The neighboring farmers are worried about the Revolution. Mr. Jones and a bunch of other men come back to Animal Farm to try to recapture it. There is a big fight. The men lose and run off the farm. One man and one sheep die. Boxer and Snowball are awarded Animal Hero, First Class. The dead sheep is an Animal Hero, Second Class.
Chapter 5:
Predict:
- Mr. Jones will not come back.
- The pigs will make an announcement.
- There will be a change in power.
This picture represents Mollie running away from the farm.
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This picture represents Napoleon peeing on the plans for the windmill.
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This picture represents Snowball being chased off the farm.
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Clarify:
Mollie starts talking with the humans. She runs away to be with the humans. There are debates between Snowball and Napoleon. Snowball wants a windmill, but Napoleon does not. Nine big dogs chase Snowball off the farm, and Napoleon seizes control of Animal Farm. Napoleon abolishes the Sunday meetings, and he decides to go through with the windmill.
Chapter 6:
Predict:
- Mollie likes humans.
- Four legs are good, but two legs are bad.
- Snowball is gone.
- Who will win the vote?
- Will the windmill be built?
- Why didn't anyone stick up for Snowball?
- I had to run against someone for my student council position.
- I have made plans to build something, just like Snowball has.
- I have been in a position where I hoped someone would stick up for me.
Mollie starts talking with the humans. She runs away to be with the humans. There are debates between Snowball and Napoleon. Snowball wants a windmill, but Napoleon does not. Nine big dogs chase Snowball off the farm, and Napoleon seizes control of Animal Farm. Napoleon abolishes the Sunday meetings, and he decides to go through with the windmill.
Chapter 6:
Predict:
- They will not be able to build the windmill.
- Snowball will come back.
- Napoleon will become mean.
This is a picture representing how Boxer pulled all of the stones.
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This picture represents the four pigs who complained about the meetings being canceled and about trading with humans.
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This picture represents the big pile of rocks from when the windmill tipped over.
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Clarify:
The animals work like slaves to build the windmill. Animal Farm starts to trade with the neighbors. The pigs move into the farmhouse and sleep in beds. There is a big storm, and the windmill tips over. It is blamed on Snowball, and Napoleon declares Snowball will be killed if he returns to the farm.
Chapter 7:
Predict:
- The windmill will be for electricity.
- The windmill is made out of big boulders.
- Animal Farm starts trading with neighboring farms.
- Who changed the fourth commandment?
- Did Snowball really tip over the windmill?
- Will they be able to rebuild the windmill?
- I have had teachers in the past change their expectations halfway through a project.
- There have been big storms at my house, and trees have fallen over, causing damage.
- At Halloween I have traded the candy I do not want for candy I do want, just like the animals trading what they do not need to run the farm for the things they do need.
The animals work like slaves to build the windmill. Animal Farm starts to trade with the neighbors. The pigs move into the farmhouse and sleep in beds. There is a big storm, and the windmill tips over. It is blamed on Snowball, and Napoleon declares Snowball will be killed if he returns to the farm.
Chapter 7:
Predict:
- Snowball will stay away.
- The animals will become hungry.
- They will not be able to rebuild the windmill.
This picture is representing the hens who went on strike and would not give up their eggs.
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This picture represents Snowball sneaking around the farm at night.
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This picture represents the evil dogs who kill a bunch of animals.
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Clarify:
They start rebuilding the windmill. Snowball is supposedly coming in a night and messing things up around the farm. Apparently, according to Napoleon, Snowball was in cahoots with Jones the whole time. Napoleon gathers all the animals together in the yard, and he has the dogs kill four pigs who had supposedly been in contact with Snowball. After the murder of the pigs, the dogs also killed three hens, one goose, and three sheep for the same crime. After all of the slaughtering, the other animals gathered away from the pigs and sang "Beasts of England." After singing it for the third time, Napoleon abolished the singing of the song.
Chapter 8:
Predict:
- Snowball is said to be secretly visiting the farm at night, but he is not.
- Everything that goes wrong is blamed on Snowball.
- A knoll is a small hill.
- Why did no one stop the dogs from killing the other animals?
- Where did the supposed secret documents come from?
- Where is Snowball?
- Sometimes I play hide-and-seek, just like Snowball is hiding and others are seeking him.
- Sometimes I feel like people blame me when something goes wrong.
- In the news, I sometimes hear about a group of people killing others, like the dogs in the story did.
They start rebuilding the windmill. Snowball is supposedly coming in a night and messing things up around the farm. Apparently, according to Napoleon, Snowball was in cahoots with Jones the whole time. Napoleon gathers all the animals together in the yard, and he has the dogs kill four pigs who had supposedly been in contact with Snowball. After the murder of the pigs, the dogs also killed three hens, one goose, and three sheep for the same crime. After all of the slaughtering, the other animals gathered away from the pigs and sang "Beasts of England." After singing it for the third time, Napoleon abolished the singing of the song.
Chapter 8:
Predict:
- Napoleon will kill more animals.
- The windmill will fall down again.
- The animals will sing their song in secret.
This picture represents the windmill when they finally finished it after two years.
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This picture shows how Boxer was hurt after fighting with the humans.
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This picture is representing when the pigs got drunk and then outlawed alcohol
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Clarify:
Napoleon is now always in the house, away from the common animals. Napoleon sells the pile of timber to Frederick, who pays in forged bills. Frederick and his men blow up the windmill. The animals chase them off the farm. Boxer doesn't understand how the pigs consider this a victory because the windmill is destroyed and the working animals are hurt. Squealer tells the animals that Napoleon is dying, but he is just really drunk. Napoleon pronounces a decree that the drinking of alcohol is punishable with death, but the pigs drink it anyway. Squealer gets caught changing the commandments, but the animals do not realize what he is doing.
Chapter 9:
Predict:
- A fortnight is two weeks.
- The sixth commandment is changed.
- A scoundrel is a rotten, good-for-nothing person.
- Will Frederick and his men attack Animal Farm?
- Does Frederick really flog a horse to death?
- Will Boxer be okay?
- Sometimes I get hurt, just like Boxer got hurt.
- My parents have warned me about how people act if they drink too much like the pigs did.
- I have had to restart projects, just like the animals having to rebuild the windmill three times.
Napoleon is now always in the house, away from the common animals. Napoleon sells the pile of timber to Frederick, who pays in forged bills. Frederick and his men blow up the windmill. The animals chase them off the farm. Boxer doesn't understand how the pigs consider this a victory because the windmill is destroyed and the working animals are hurt. Squealer tells the animals that Napoleon is dying, but he is just really drunk. Napoleon pronounces a decree that the drinking of alcohol is punishable with death, but the pigs drink it anyway. Squealer gets caught changing the commandments, but the animals do not realize what he is doing.
Chapter 9:
Predict:
- Boxer will die.
- The pigs will continue to get drunk.
- The animals will have to rebuild the windmill again.
This picture shows the young pigs on the farm. On Sundays, they wear green ribbons.
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This picture represents when Boxer falls and is very hurt.
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This picture shows when Boxer gets taken away to the Knackers.
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Clarify:
Boxer is getting old and works too hard. The barn animals are starving, while the pigs and dogs are gaining weight. Boxer falls down and is dying. Napoleon says he is sending Boxer to the hospital to get well, but he really sends him to a horse slaughterer. Boxer dies, and they have a big memorial service in his honor. The animals wonder how the pigs got enough money to buy themselves another box of liquor.
Chapter 10:
Predict:
- Boxer is almost is almost twelve years old.
- Pigs are allowed to wear ribbons on Sundays.
- The pigs are comfortable, while the other animals are starving.
- When will the animals realize that Napoleon is killing them?
- When will the working animals stand together and rebel to get food?
- Why did Napoleon sell Boxer to the Knacker's?
- I have read about countries that have people living in slums and starving.
- I have had to take medicine to get well, just like Boxer.
- I have had to say goodbye to close friends, just like the animals had to say goodbye to Boxer.
Boxer is getting old and works too hard. The barn animals are starving, while the pigs and dogs are gaining weight. Boxer falls down and is dying. Napoleon says he is sending Boxer to the hospital to get well, but he really sends him to a horse slaughterer. Boxer dies, and they have a big memorial service in his honor. The animals wonder how the pigs got enough money to buy themselves another box of liquor.
Chapter 10:
Predict:
- Everyone will die.
- They will run out of food.
- The pigs will sell the farm.
This picture is representing when the pigs started to dress and walk like humans.
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This picture shows when many other people came to tour Animal Farm.
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This picture is showing when the pigs and humans become the same thing, and the other animals can not tell the two apart.
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Clarify:
Years pass, and most of the original animals are dead. The farm is more advanced now. The farm grows richer, but not the working animals. Only the pigs see the benefits. Squealer teaches the sheep to say, "Four legs good, two legs better." The pigs start walking on two legs and wearing clothes. Now the commandments have been replaced by one single commandment, "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." A group of humans come to tour the farm. They realize that this farm is more advanced than many other farms, and the animals on it are treated worse than on any other farm. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm.
- The windmill is successful completed, but it harvests corn instead of electricity.
- Malignant means infectious.
- Most of the original animals are there no more.
- Will Napoleon ever die?
- Will the pigs ever act like pigs should act?
- Will the animals ever realize that Napoleon has been cheating them?
- I have known people who chose to act like someone they are not.
- I have known people who con other people into doing the work for them instead of doing it themselves.
- I have read other books where animals try to act like humans.
Years pass, and most of the original animals are dead. The farm is more advanced now. The farm grows richer, but not the working animals. Only the pigs see the benefits. Squealer teaches the sheep to say, "Four legs good, two legs better." The pigs start walking on two legs and wearing clothes. Now the commandments have been replaced by one single commandment, "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." A group of humans come to tour the farm. They realize that this farm is more advanced than many other farms, and the animals on it are treated worse than on any other farm. Napoleon changes the name of the farm back to Manor Farm.
Themes
- When one has absolute power, abuse of power will occur.: Napoleon treated the working animals poorly by starving them, while the pigs lived in the farmhouse and received plenty of food. By living in the farmhouse, the pigs also had a warm place to live and whiskey to drink. The working animals were freezing in the barn with no fat on their bodies to keep them warm. Napoleon also changed all of the rules to favor the pigs. The seven commandments originally stated that no animal should sleep in a bed, that no animal should kill another animal, no animal should wear clothes, that no animal should drink whiskey, and that all animals are equal. These were amended by Napoleon to favor the pigs so that the pigs could have the power to do whatever they wanted. The amended commandments stated that no animal should sleep in a bed with sheets, that no animal should kill another animal without cause, that only pigs can wear clothes, that no animal should drink too much whiskey (but this was later changed to only pigs could drink whiskey), that above all, all animals are equal, but some are more equal than others.
- Lies and deceit come with corrupted power.: Napoleon and Squealer were very good at lying to and manipulating the animals. One example of this is when Boxer is sick. Napoleon tells the animals that he sent him to a hospital to get well. However, he really sent Boxer to the horse slaughterer. Boxer was his most loyal and hardworking subject, but he had him killed so that he could buy more whiskey. Another example occurs after Snowball is run off the farm. Napoleon tells Squealer lies to feed to the animals on the farm to justify why they had to make Snowball leave. By the end of the book, everything that went wrong was because of Snowball, and in actuality, everything they knew about Snowball was wrong. Napoleon managed to convince them that Snowball, who got a first-class animal hero award for fighting bravely in the revolution, was never really on their side. In fact, he convinced them that Snowball never really received the award and was actually with Jones the entire time.
- All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.: At the beginning of the story, the animals all agree that all animals are equal, even rats. But even from the beginning, it becomes apparent that pigs feel superior. Throughout the book, the superiority of the pigs continues to grow. They become the supreme leaders of Animal Farm. It all starts when the pigs receive the apples and the milk, no questions asked. Then they move into the farmhouse, leaving the "less equal" animals in the barn. By the end, the pigs wear clothes, sleep in beds, walk on two feet, and drink whiskey.
Motifs
- Violence: This is a recurring theme in the story, as evidence can be found in nearly every chapter. The first act of violence occurs when the animals rebel against farmer Jones. Another act of violence is when Jones and a bunch of other men come back to the farm to steal it back from the animals. This was the first act of violence resulting in casualties. Later, Napoleon had nine vicious dogs chase Snowball off the farm. The biggest act of violence occurs when Napoleon's dogs murdered around a dozen animals for supposedly being in cahoots with Snowball.
- Communism: This is another recurring theme because Napoleon show himself as a dictator throughout the course of the story. He is above the rules, and if the rules don't fit his needs, he simply changes them. He is in control of all the food they produce even though he himself produces nothing. No one is allowed to question his control. To do this results in banishment or death.
- Rebellion: This is a recurring theme in Animal Farm as it occurs many times as the story unfolds. The very first act of rebellion is when all of the animals rebel against Jones and kick him off the farm for treating them poorly. Another act of rebellion is when Mollie, the white mare, rebelled against Animal Farm because he missed humans and their pampering. She ran away to a farm with people on it. Rebellion also occurs when the hens go on strike and refuse to give away their eggs. Their plan was to fly up to the rafters and lay their eggs there so that they would smash to pieces on the floor. Their rebellion resulted in them starving for five days until they gave up, by which time nine of the hens were dead.
Symbols
- Animal Farm: This symbol represents Communist Russia during the Cold War. Napoleon represents the Russian dictator, Stalin, while the pigs are his government. The dogs represent the military, while most of the others are just the poor working class. Animal Farm shows the progression of one "person" gaining leadership and then abusing that leadership role for his own purpose and desire for power.
- Windmill: The windmill represents how the pigs manipulated the other animals into doing things that would only benefit pigs. The animals thought they were building the windmill so that they would have electricity in the barn, but the windmill's actual purpose was to harvest corn. This would result in the pigs getting richer, while the exhausted working animals got nothing. It became obvious that the windmill was ultimately for the pigs when the pigs insisted it be called Napoleon Mill.
Tone
- Objective: The author states ideas in his story in a matter of fact style rather than adding his personal feelings about what is happening.
- Cynical: This is apparent in Benjamin's attitude following the rebellion. He makes comments about Napoleon's selfish rise to power. He rolls his eyes and refuses to show any form of excitement when the other animals are so happy about the windmill. He obviously understands what is really going on.
- Satirical: Orwell uses humor throughout the story to show that communism is foolish and that those not in power are equally foolish for allowing the power to occur in the first place.
Mood
- Optimistic: At the beginning of the story, the animals are very positive and show an eagerness to put the plans for a better future into action.
- Sadness: During the middle of the story there is a shift in the mood to one of sadness due to the apparent decline of the farm. The working animals are beginning to lose hope in their leaders due to the lack of basic needs thrust upon them.
- Pessimistic: By the end of the story, the animals realize that they have ended up with exactly what they were rebelling against. Their mood is one of pessimism and despair because they believe it is too late to do anything about it.